1
Q
absorpt/o
A
to suck in
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2
Q
aden/o
A
gland
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3
Q
aliment/o
A
nourishment
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4
Q
amyl/o
A
starch
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5
Q
anabol/o
A
building up
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6
Q
append/o
A
appendix
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7
Q
appendic/o
A
appendix
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8
Q
bil/i
A
gall, bile
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9
Q
bucc/o
A
cheek
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10
Q
catabol/o
A
a casting down
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11
Q
celi/o
A
abdomen, belly
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12
Q
cheil/o
A
lip
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13
Q
chol/e
A
gall, bile
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14
Q
choledoch/o
A
common bile duct
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15
Q
cirrh/o
A
orange-yellow
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16
Q
col/o
A
colon
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17
Q
colon/o
A
colon
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18
Q
cyst/o
A
bladder
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19
Q
dent/o
A
tooth
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20
Q
diverticul/o
A
diverticula
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21
Q
duoden/o
A
duodenum
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22
Q
enter/o
A
intestine (usually small intestine)
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23
Q
esophage/o
A
esophagus
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24
Q
fibr/o
A
fibrous tissue
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25
Q
gastr/o
A
stomach
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26
Q
gingiv/o
A
gums
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27
Q
gloss/o
A
tongue
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28
Q
glyc/o
A
sweet, sugar
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29
Q
halit/o
A
breath
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30
Q
hemat/o
A
blood
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31
Q
hemorrh/o
A
vein liable to bleed
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32
Q
hepat/o
A
liver
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33
Q
herni/o
A
hernia
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34
Q
ile/o
A
ileum
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35
Q
labi/o
A
lip
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36
Q
lapar/o
A
abdomen
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37
Q
lingu/o
A
tongue
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38
Q
lip/o
A
fat
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39
Q
odont/o
A
tooth
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40
Q
pancreat/o
A
pancreas
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41
Q
pept/o
A
to digest
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42
A
pharynx
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43
Q
pil/o
A
hair
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44
Q
prand/i
A
meal
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45
Q
proct/o
A
anus and rectum
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46
Q
pylor/o
A
pylorus, gatekeeper
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47
Q
rect/o
A
rectum
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48
Q
sial/o
A
saliva, salivary
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49
Q
sigmoid/o
A
sigmoid
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50
Q
splen/o
A
spleen
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51
Q
stomat/o
A
mouth
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52
Q
verm/i
A
worm
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53
Q
4 main functions of digestive system
A
ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination
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54
Q
soft mass of chewed food
A
bolus
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55
Q
digestion and absorption chiefly take place in the
A
small intestine
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56
Q
reduces food to digestible state, converts food into semi-liquid state
A
stomach
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57
Q
semiliquid state of food
A
chyme
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58
Q
digestive organ that manufactures bile
A
liver
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59
Q
digestive organ that stores and concentrates bile
A
gallbladder
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60
Q
produces hormones insulin and glucagon
A
pancreas
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61
Q
digestive tract is also called
A
alimentary canal, gastrointestinal tract (GI)
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62
Q
gingivae
A
gums
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63
Q
small intestine is made up of: (know in order)
A
duodenum, jejunum, ileum
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64
Q
large intestine is made up of: (in sequential order)
A
cecum, colon, rectum, anal canal
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65
Q
colon is made up of: (know in order)
A
ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid
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66
Q
nutrition received through the intestine by tube/IV when nutrition can’t be taken in by mouth
A
parenteral nutrition
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67
Q
structures in mouth that help with mastication
A
teeth
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68
Q
rhythmic contraction, begins in esophagus & moves to end of GI tract
A
peristalsis
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69
Q
wavelike muscular contractions
A
peristalsis
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70
Q
the 2 organs involved in mechanical digestion of food
A
mouth & stomach
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71
Q
chyme is formed after addition of
A
acids
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72
Q
produces hormones and enzymes so that food entering intestines is alkaline
A
pancreas
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73
Q
maximum digestion happens in
A
duodenum
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74
Q
salivary gland located in front of the ear
A
parotid gland
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75
Q
salivary gland located in floor of the mouth
A
submandibular gland
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76
Q
salivary gland under tongue
A
sublingual gland
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77
Q
process of taking in food
A
ingestion
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78
Q
process of breaking down food
A
digestion
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79
Q
process of taking in broken down molecules
A
absorption
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80
Q
ridding of waste from the body
A
elimination
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81
Q
sphincter at top of stomach
A
lower esophageal sphincter (LES)
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82
Q
esophageal sphincter is sometimes referred to as
A
cardiac sphincter
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83
Q
jejun/o
A
jejunum
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84
Q
cec/o
A
cecum
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85
Q
an/o
A
anus
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86
Q
proct/o
A
anus and rectum
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87
Q
viewing rectum and anus
A
proctoscopy
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88
Q
viewing entire colon
A
colonoscopy
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89
Q
steat/o
A
fat
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90
Q
a gatekeeper
A
pylorus
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91
Q
sphincter at bottom of stomach
A
pyloric sphincter
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92
Q
prevents acidic chyme from entering small intestine
A
pyloric sphincter
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93
Q
2 ways that acids can get to nerves of the tooth, causing dentalgia
A
corrosion on side of tooth or cavities
94
Q
belching
A
eructation
95
Q
regulates food from small intestine to large intestine, is between ileum and cecum
A
ileocecal valve
96
Q
evacuation of the bowel
A
defecation
97
Q
process whereby end products/solid waste are excreted from body
A
elimination
98
Q
building up of chemicals to be stored in the body
A
anabolism
99
Q
breaking down of stored chemicals in the body
A
catabolism
100
Q
milk teeth or baby teeth
A
deciduous teeth
101
Q
number of permanent teeth in adults
A
32
102
Q
3 main parts of a tooth
A
crown, root, neck
103
Q
constricted portion between crown and root of tooth
A
neck
104
Q
part of tooth embedded in alveolus
A
root
105
Q
part of tooth that projects above gums
A
crown
106
Q
portion of pharynx above mouth
A
nasopharynx
107
Q
portion of pharynx located at mouth
A
oropharynx
108
Q
portion of pharynx below mouth
A
laryngopharynx
109
Q
flap of tissue that blocks opening of the larynx
A
epiglottis
110
Q
function of epiglottis
A
prevents food from entering trachea
111
Q
upper region of the stomach is called
A
fundus
112
Q
lower region of stomach is called
A
antrum
113
Q
___________ and ___________ help convert food to smi-liquid state
A
hydrochloric acid, gastric juices
114
Q
small intestine is _______ long and _____ in diameter
A
21 feet, 1 inch
115
Q
fat digesting enzyme
A
lipase
116
Q
starch digesting enzyme
A
amylase
117
Q
a pouchlike structure forming the beginning of large intestine
A
cecum
118
Q
the 4 accessory digestive organs
A
salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
119
Q
which organ manufactures bile
A
liver
120
Q
produces fibrinogen & prothrombin, heparin, blood proteins
A
liver
121
Q
-ase
A
enzyme
122
Q
-orexia
A
appetite
123
Q
lack of appetite, decreased desire for food
A
anorexia
124
Q
building up of body substance in constructive phase of metabolism
A
anabolism
125
Q
surgical excision of the appendix
A
appendectomy
126
Q
-ectomy
A
surgical excision
127
Q
test performed by administering barium in to the rectum to determine condition of colon. X-rays are taken. For: colon cancer, polyps, fistulas, diverticulitis etc
A
barium enema (BE)
128
Q
X-ray exam of common bile duct, cystic duct, hepatic ducts. Radiopaque dye is injected, films are taken. Indicates obstruction, stones, tumors
A
cholangiography
129
Q
breakdown cholangiography into word parts
A
chol=bile angi/o=vessel graphy=recording
130
Q
which organ manufactures bile
A
liver
131
Q
produces fibrinogen & prothrombin, heparin, blood proteins
A
liver
132
Q
-ase
A
enzyme
133
Q
-orexia
A
appetite
134
Q
lack of appetite, decreased desire for food
A
anorexia
135
Q
building up of body substance in constructive phase of metabolism
A
anabolism
136
Q
surgical excision of the appendix
A
appendectomy
137
Q
-ectomy
A
surgical excision
138
Q
test performed by administering barium in to the rectum to determine condition of colon. X-rays are taken. For: colon cancer, polyps, fistulas, diverticulitis etc
A
barium enema (BE)
139
Q
X-ray exam of common bile duct, cystic duct, hepatic ducts. Radiopaque dye is injected, films are taken. Indicates obstruction, stones, tumors
A
cholangiography
140
Q
breakdown cholangiography into word parts
A
chol=gall angi/o=vessel graphy=recording
141
Q
X-ray of gallbladder, radiopaque dye is injected, films are taken. Indicates cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, tumors
A
cholecystography (gall/bladder/recording)
142
Q
direct visual exam of the colon. used to diagnose growths, remove polyps for analysis, rule out colon cancer
A
colonoscopy
143
Q
examination of esophagus, stomach and small intestine
A
esophagogastroduodenal endoscopy
144
Q
fluoroscopic exam of esophagus, stomach and small intestine in which barium is given orally. for hiatal hernias, divertculi, gastric polyps, pyloric stenosis etc
A
gastrointestinal (GI) series
145
Q
sten/o
A
narrowing
146
Q
test performed on feces to determine GI bleeding that is not visible. Can indicate stomach cancer, peptic ulcer, etc
A
occult blood
147
Q
test performed on stool to identify presence of organisms
A
ova and parasites (O&P)
148
Q
ac
A
before meals
149
Q
Ba
A
barium
150
Q
BE
A
barium enema
151
Q
BM
A
bowel movement
152
Q
BRP
A
bathroom privileges
153
Q
BS
A
bowel sounds
154
Q
GB
A
gallbladder
155
Q
GERD
A
gastroesophageal reflux disease
156
Q
GI
A
gastrointestinal
157
Q
GTT
A
glucose tolerance test
158
Q
HCl
A
hydrochloric acid
159
Q
IBS
A
irritable bowel syndrome
160
Q
LES
A
lower esophageal sphincter
161
Q
NG
A
nasogastric
162
Q
NPO. npo
A
nothing by mouth
163
Q
O&P
A
ova and parasites
164
Q
pc
A
after meals
165
Q
PP
A
postprandial / after meals
166
Q
PUD
A
peptic ulcer disease
167
Q
TPN
A
total parenteral nutrition
168
Q
UGI
A
upper gastrointestinal
169
Q
above the stomach
A
epigastric
170
Q
inflammation of the appendix
A
appendicitis
171
Q
orange-coloured bile pigment produced by separation of hemoglobin, seen in jaundice
A
bilirubin
172
Q
bowel
A
intestine
173
Q
in metabolism, breaking of complex substances into more basic elements, literally: a casting down
A
catabolism
174
Q
pertaining to the abdomen
A
celiac
175
Q
abnormal condition of the lip, riboflavin and B-complex deficiency
A
cheilosis
176
Q
-osis
A
condition
177
Q
surgical excision of the gallbladder
A
cholecystectomy
178
Q
chol/e + cyst/o =
A
gallbladder
179
Q
doch/o
A
duct
180
Q
chronic degenerative liver disease characterized by changes in the lobes. infiltrated with fat
A
cirrhosis
181
Q
surgical excision of part of the colon
A
colectomy
182
Q
instrument used to view interior of colon
A
colonoscope
183
Q
visual exam of the colon
A
colonoscopy
184
Q
new opening (suffix)
A
-stomy
185
Q
creation of a new opening into the colon
A
colostomy
186
Q
infrequent passage of unduly hard and dry feces
A
constipation
187
Q
constipat
A
to press together
188
Q
-ion
A
process
189
Q
defecat
A
to remove dregs
190
Q
act or process of swallowing
A
deglutition
191
Q
inflammation of the diverticula (pouches in the walls of an organ) in colon
A
diverticulitis
192
Q
-pepsia
A
to digest
193
Q
dys-
A
difficult
194
Q
difficulty in digestion, indigestion
A
dyspepsia
195
Q
-phagia
A
to eat, to swallow
196
Q
difficulty in swallowing
A
dysphagia
197
Q
vomiting
A
emesis
198
Q
eme
A
to vomit
199
Q
pertaining to small intestine
A
enteric (enter/o = small intestine)
200
Q
protein capable of causing rapid chemical changes in other substances without being changed itself
A
enzyme
201
Q
eructat
A
breaking out
202
Q
belching
A
eructation
203
Q
expelling of gas from the anus
A
flatus
204
Q
study of the stomach and intestines, study of entire GI tract
A
gastroenterology
205
Q
condition that occurs when lower esophageal sphincter is weak or relaxes inappropriately allowing stomach’s contents to back up
A
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
206
Q
to feed semiliquid food via a tube (stomach or nasogastric)
A
gavage
207
Q
bad breath
A
halitosis
208
Q
vomiting of blood
A
hematemesis
209
Q
passage of stools that contain red blood
A
hematochezia
210
Q
inflammation of liver
A
hepatitis
211
Q
tumor of liver
A
hepatoma
212
Q
occurs when upper part of stomach moves into chest through small opening in diaphragm
A
hiatal hernia
213
Q
intravenous infusion of hypertonic solution to sustain life, patients whose GI tracts are not functioning properly
A
hyperalimentation
214
Q
excessive vomiting
A
hyperemesis
215
Q
surgical creation of new opening through abdominal wall into ileum
A
ileostomy
216
Q
disorder that interferes with normal functions of large intestine
A
irritable bowel syndrome
217
Q
surgical incision into abdomen
A
laparotomy
218
Q
to wash out a cavity, used to remove or dilute gastric contents in case of acute poisoning
A
lavage
219
Q
inflammation of pancreas
A
pancreatitis
220
Q
disease in which ulcer forms in mucosal wall of stomach, pylorus, duodenum or esophagus
A
peptic ulcer disease
221
Q
-stalsis
A
contraction
222
Q
peri-
A
around
223
Q
post prandial
A
after meal
224
Q
inflammation of salivary gland
A
sialadenitis
225
Q
sial
A
saliva
226
Q
enlargement of the spleen
A
splenomegaly
227
Q
-megaly
A
enlargement, large
228
Q
disease that causes inflammation and ulcers in lining of large intestine
A
ulcerative colitis
229
Q
volvul
A
to roll
230
Q
twisting of the bowel on itself that causes an obstruction
A
volvulus
231
Q
-us
A
pertaining to
232
Q
secretes pancriatic juice into small intestine, contains cells that produce digestive enzymes
A
pancreas
